Chapter 103: Nine Global Spheres

Social life is organized at multiple scales, from the intimate pair to the planetary species. This chapter classifies nine structural spheres — self, pair, household, friendship circle, community, city, nation, civilization, and species — and analyses the coordination failures that arise when problems at one scale must be solved at another. The Nine Global Spheres Classification (VII.D79) provides a structural taxonomy grounded in the social ontology of the relevant chapter.